# HSC Exam 2026: Key Concepts in Biology 1st Paper Chapter 1

*An overview of key concepts in the HSC Biology 1st Paper for 2026, focusing on ribosomes and cellular functions.*

June 13, 2026 · Education

## At a glance

- Ribosomes are known as the cell's 'protein factory.'
- DNA is the hereditary material in cells.
- Lysosomes are involved in the process of autophagy.

The HSC Biology 1st Paper for 2026 will cover Chapter 1, which introduces ribosomes as the cell's 'protein factory.' This chapter delves into the fundamental roles of cellular components in protein synthesis and other vital processes. Key topics include the structure and function of ribosomes, the genetic material DNA, and various organelles such as lysosomes and chloroplasts.

## Key Concepts in Chapter 1

1. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
2. DNA is the genetic material that carries hereditary information.
3. Lysosomes are involved in autophagy, a process of cellular self-digestion.
4. Chloroplasts contain a significant percentage of lipids in their dry weight.
5. Protoplasm is composed largely of water, crucial for cellular functions.

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Source: https://pulsetoday.com.bd/en/education/hsc-biology-2026-chapter-1-ribosomes